Mad Cow Disease Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Mad Cow Disease - Case Study Example (see figure below). Preliminary information indicates that this most recent BSE case occurred in a13 year old beef cow from Alberta. Thus, this animal was born before the implementation of Canada's 1997 feed ban," Further elaborating that, "Through 2007, BSE surveillance has identified 15 cases in North America: three BSE cases in the United States and 12 in Canada. Of the three cases identified in the United States, one was born in Canada; of the 12 cases identified in Canada, one was imported from the United Kingdom (see figure above). Assuming that the proportions of animals sampled that were found to have BSE similarly reflect each country's BSE prevalence, the surveillance data indicate that the prevalence of BSE in Canada is well over 20-fold higher than that in the United States (see BSE Prevalence below). (CDC p.1). The following is a graph obtained from the CDC's webpage of those impacted within North America. The first known case of BSE in the United States was identified in December 2003. On December 23, 2003, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced a presumptive diagnosis of BSE in an adult Holstein cow from Washington State. This diagnosis was confirmed by an international reference laboratory in Weybridge, England, on December 25. Preliminary trace-back based on an ear-tag identification number suggested that the BSE-infected cow was imported into the United States from Canada in August 2001. The preliminary trace-back identification of the animal was later confirmed by genetic testing. On June 24, 2005, the U.S. Department of Agriculture announced receipt of final results from The Veterinary Laboratories Agency in Weybridge, England, confirming BSE in a cow that had conflicting test results in 2004. This cow was from Texas and represented the first endemic case of BSE in the United States. On March 13, 2006, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced the confirmation of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in a cow in Alabama. The newly confirmed case was identified in a non-ambulatory (downer) cow on a farm in Alabama. The animal was euthanized by a local veterinarian and buried on the farm. The age of the cow was estimated by examination of the dentition as 10-years-old. It had no ear tags or distinctive marks; the herd of origin could not be identified despite an intense investigation (see Alabama BSE Investigation, Final Epidemiology Report, May 2006 [PDF - 105 KB]). (CDC p.1). History (B) "Mad cow disease spread widely among the cattle herds of England in the 1990's because cows were fed bone meal prepared from cattle carcasses to increase the protein content of their diet. Like the Fore, the British cattle were literally eating the tissue of cattle that had died of the disease," (Johnson p.677). Even earlier than that, "Research indicates that the first probable infections of BSE in cows occurred during the 1970's with two cases of BSE being identified in 1986. BSE possibly originated as a result of feeding cattle meat-and-bone meal that contained scrapie-infected sheep products. Scrapie is a prion disease of sheep. There is strong evidence and general agreement

Developmental Psychology Observation Assignment

Developmental Psychology Observation Assignment Introduction The development of children starts from junior wonderful youngsters to early stages and after that to adulthood, they are bit by bit influenced by their encompassing surroundings around them. They are additionally influenced by the heredity, their father and motherpass down to them (Eileen, Marotz and Lyn). As the kids develop they will change and create in numerous diverse ways. Today, the kids will experience numerous phases of social and good improvement from the time off ahead of schedule adolescence through immaturity. Outset is the first run through period in Hanna life that will start during childbirth and proceed through 2 years of age. Throughout the voyage of early stages youngsters create socially and ethically. Since the precise starting during childbirth kids will be to understand that individuals are dynamic, expressive, and react effectively. They additionally understand that individuals have life to them that questions dont (Eileen, Marotz and Lyn). At this early age a child acknowledge on the regular basis that how to act suitably and how to act keeping in mind the end goal to attain an objective. My nieces (Hanna) for example realizes that on the off chance that she is great while at the store, no doubt we will get her a prize that could be anything. Despite the fact that my niece has discovered that on the off chance that she doesnt get her direction and doesnt get her sweet she can yell and through her fit to the extent that she may please and that it wont change the conclusion she s till may not get what she is needing. Most newborn children will connect four or point to demonstrate they need a certain question that he or she may need. In the second year of early stages kids get more mindful of individual mental states, and they will have a consciousness of other individuals consideration centre and feelings (Eileen, Marotz and Lyn). By the age of a year and a half kids will get exceptionally mindful of how their activities impact the individuals around them. Time began: 2:00 pm Time finished: 3:00 pm Name of kid: Hanna Age: 5 Physical aspects of Hanna The physical development of Hanna has dependably been that of ordinary kids. Hanna first birthday, she could remain up without anyone else present and began strolling in no time thereafter. As per Feldman, Hanna met these points of reference near the normal times of most newborn children and babies. Hanna is currently five years of age and shows common physical attributes. She is about 39 inches tall and his weight is similar to most other kids of her ageà Ã‚ ¾ She is not, one or the other overweight, nor underweight. Her sound stature and weight may be an after effect of the way that she consumes well, both at home and at day mind. Her guardians attempt to keep a sound equalization of nourishments, and Hanna consumes almost different types of nourishment given to him. Hanna has had no genuine ailments while growing up. She gets an icy once in for a short time, which could be normal with preschool kid Setting: The setting occurred in a play territory/corner in the classroom of the school where Hanna goes to. Hanna is playing with teddy bears and there are likewise other kids present, playing in the same play territory. Perception: Hanna is sitting in a play territory with a companion playing with teddy bears at a little table. He is playing and talking like the teddy bears. Hanna is getting up and running, imagining he is flying. He then sits back up at the table and gazes nearly toward the teddy bear, attempting to return her head protector on the teddy bear. She says to her companion, Gee golly, how would I get power officer protective cap once more on, Yuma? Her companion doesnt react, and he says once more, Yuma! Help me, Yuma! Hanna then tosses the teddy bear over the room out of dissatisfaction. After he tosses the toy, he recognizes that an alternate kid has begun to shout. So Hanna gets her energy officer that he simply tossed and brings it to the tyke who was hollering and says, â€Å"Do you need teddy bear? Hanna appeared resentful and extremely worried that this kid was yelling. Hanna didnt get an answer so he set the teddy bear alongside the tyke and did a reversal (while biting on her fingers) to the table he was sitting as he continued taking a gander at the yelling kid as he strolled back. Inevitably the tyke came to the table where Hanna was sitting and gave Hanna the teddy bear and Hanna says, I like you Jane, Jane youre a nice kid. Interpretation: As I was watching Hanna I could see that a significant number of her movements and conduct was regular for her age. I will talk about my perceptions as far as the cognitive and psychosocial areas of human advancement. I will likewise talk about my perceptions utilizing the cognitive hypothesis. All through this chore I will be talking about the improvement of a 5year old tyke. With the backing of important hypotheses, including the work of Jean Piaget and Erik Erikson, I will examine the natural impacts that advertise the physical, cognitive and psychosocial advancement of a 5year old kid. I will additionally survey the vitality of play in the youngsters advancement and propose an action of a play that would improve the kids improvement. In the realm of a 5year old kid there is a great deal of evolving. For in the fourth year in most western social orders this is the time they will most generally start going to kindergarten/preschool. Lively and inventive best depict the 4-year-old. Creative energy all of a sudden gets more excellent than life for the 4-year-old, who regularly confounds actuality and make-accept. five-year-olds like the things they can do, show self-assurance, and are ready to attempt new exploits (Lesley). Development of the body and mind, tangible limits, engine abilities and well being are all parts of physical improvement (Lesley). By the fourth year the youngster has accomplished more amazing control over the little muscles, enhancing attracting aptitudes and capabilities to tie shoelaces and secure catches. Their equalization likewise enhances, so they additionally are currently better at running, jumping, skipping and tossing balls. As indicated by kid analyst and scholar Erik Erikson, the 5year old kid is as per her hypothesis, in the activity versus blame stage. These methods the youngster is getting more free and sure about their capabilities. This activity is directed by blame as the youngster understands that their drive may put them in clash with others Conclusion In a rundown, folks must give careful consideration to their childs correspondence capacities, understanding capabilities, and why. Firstly, a childs correspondence capacities might be enhanced by encountering open circumstances. That is providing for them the chance to identify with general society. Likewise, turning into a part of outside exercises will help children to figure out how to correspond with others. Folks should likewise show their children the route how to talk at their house. Correspondence capacity can make a difference Works cited Allen Eileen Marotz Lyn â€Å"Developmental Profiles: pre-birth through to Eight† Albany: Delmar, 2009. Holditch Lesley, â€Å"Understanding Your 5 Year Old† The Tavistock Clinic. Rosendale Press, 2002.

Naïveté in Flannery OConnor’s Good Country People Essay -- OConnor G

Naà ¯vetà © in Flannery O'Connor’s Good Country People In "Good Country People," Flannery O'Connor skillfully presents a story from a third-person point of view, in which the protagonist, Joy-Hulga, believes that she is not one of those good country people. Joy is an intelligent and educated but emotionally troubled young woman, struggling to live in a farm environment deep in the countryside of the southeast United States, where she feels that she does not belong. Considering herself intellectually superior to the story's other characters, she experiences an epiphany that may lead her to reconsider her assumptions. Her experience marks a personal transition for her and constitutes the story's theme--the passage from naà ¯vetà © to knowledge. O'Connor crafts the story so that the plot does not actually begin until insight into the characters has been provided. The limited omniscience persona of the narrative voice alternates between Joy and her mother, Mrs. Hopewell. The exposition provides an understanding of how the characters have developed the personality traits they possess when the drama begins to take place, which is on a Friday evening during the Spring sometime during the mid-1950s. The exposition demonstrates how Joy develops the social and philosophical assumptions that deeply affect the way she sees herself and relates to others. A view into Joy-Hulga's past reveals why she has so much internal conflict and needs to empower herself through the constant judgment of others. What most strongly sets her apart from others is her prosthetic leg, which she has been wearing since her real leg was shot off at ten years of age in a hunting accident. Enduring teasing and other social hardships caused by her disability has led... ...she has also lost the foundation of her identity, her leg. She is faced with the realization that she has been naà ¯ve all along. In her pattern of being quick to make assumptions to build her own self esteem, Joy-Hulga has not used her intelligence in a socially beneficial way. The results of her shocking experience could be one of many, but considering Joy-Hulga's personality, she is likely to become even more defensive, hostile, and antisocial. She might become less willing to trust others, especially those who come across as "good country people." One would hope, however, that Joy will continue to recognize and admit her own naà ¯vetà © and to make fewer assumptions about the naà ¯vetà © of others. Work Cited O'Connor, Flannery. "Good Country People." Literature: Reading Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Ed. Robert DiYanni. 5th ed. New York, NY: McGraw, 2002. 181-194.

Love or Fame: Which is More Important?

The issue regarding which is more important, love and family ties or fame and political power are issues that are always present in every generation. Well, which is really more important that we should devote our lives in search for the more important thing? Is blood really thicker than water? It is a subjective topic in which persons have different experiences and stand about the subject matter. This paper aims to answer this question by referring to three different epic plays: Oedipus the King and Antigone by Sophocles, and Aeneid by Virgil. It is also important to look at the values and actions displayed by the characters of the stories and to analyze whether they are still applicable in our contemporary time. In the story of Antigone, Haemon must choose between her love for Antigone and the fame and political power that await him if he obeys his father. Now Haemon is facing a dilemma because of the conflict between his love and his father. The same choice goes for Antigone for she wants to give her brother the honor of being buried in the right way. However, doing so would mean that she must disobey King Creon’s order. Disobeying the king does not only take the opportunity to be the princess by marrying the king’s son, Haemon, but her own life as well. But Antigone and Haemon decided to follow their hearts. In the end, Antigone killed herself. Knowing that his love is death, Haemon also decided to end his life. Thus, their value for their love ones cost them their own lives. However, they still gain the respect and sympathy of the people of Thebes. It can be said that the actions of Antigone and Haemon are not applicable in our present time. Although there are several movies that portray the same idea, this rarely happen in reality. It is a very rare case in which lovers decided to end their lives since it is impossible for them to be together. They can be considered as martyrs rather than heroes because of the act. Antigone also displays the kind of courage and determination that is greatly needed in our society today. Although she is a woman, she defies the odds and even the king for what she believes is right. Adding to the fact that she lives in the period when woman are considered inferior to man. This kind of courage is really needed by the present generation. Not only woman but men as well that have the courage to stand up and are willing to sacrifice their own lives in order to make a change. Today, although woman are accepted by our society and are ‘said’ to be equal to men, there are still some times that they are afraid to speak out and fight for their rights. Also both men and women are sometimes afraid to question some of the things that they find unjust in the society. They are afraid to face the consequences and are unwilling to make a change to improve social order. This characteristic is really needed in our society today, the courage to fight for what is right even if the whole society is against us. If only there are those like Antigone that are willing to give it all in order to make a change, I’m sure that our society will be a better place to live. On the other hand, King Creon cannot consider himself victorious. His persistence and determination to exercise his power over the people of Thebes had a considerably great cost. Not only had he lost the sympathy of the people of Thebes and the approval of the gods but the life of his son and wife as well. His authority blinded him and the result is loosing the persons that he values the most. If our present leaders will demonstrate the same reason and behavior like that of King Creon, the people will surely revolt and take their powers and authority away and give it to someone more deserving and just. The people will surely not tolerate such actions. In the Aeneid, Dido falls in love with Aeneas. They live together that makes Dido thinks that they are really husbands and wives. However, due to Aeneas vision of building a great city, he left Dido. Thus, Dido killed herself using Aeneas own sword. This action by Dido can also be considered as inappropriate in our time. Having that wealth and power is what everyone wants and throwing it all away together with your life is a very foolish thing to do. The same thing also goes for Aeneas, staying beside Dido ensures that a good future awaits him. No one would dare to exchange a wealthy living to a future that is unknown especially putting his or her own life on the line. But Aeneas is in search of greater glory and power. He pursues his desire to build a strong city. Indeed, he was able to build a great city and fulfill his destiny. He was a successful warrior, leader and founder and was able to fulfill a great vision. Still, things had not been easy for him. He also lost some of his love ones including his beloved wife and father. On the story of Oedipus, Oedipus chooses love over power. Although his known father Polybus is the King of Corinth, Oedipus decided to ran away from Corinth, sacrificing his title as the prince and the opportunity to be the future king. The fear of killing his father and marrying his mother had been the basis of his actions. In order to protect the people that he loves and to thwart the destiny that had been foretold about him, Oedipus lost everything that can be considered of great value, the easy and good life that he has in Corinth. In the end, he blinded himself and left Thebes without anything because of the words that he had given and as a punishment for all that he had done.   T oday, such punishment is not applicable and no one will also have the courage to do such thing. There are so many ways in which you can pay the wrong things that you had done and doing something like what Oedipus did is something unimaginable.   Death would be more acceptable than to suffer in the same way like Oedipus suffers. In the case of Queen Jocasta and King Creon, no one would abandon his or her child because of a prophecy. Abandoning a child at an early age is a very terrible thing to do. Yes there are times that we consult things like tarot reading, fortune telling an the likes in search for the answers to our questions about the future, but these visions are never considered as the primary basis of making decisions especially when life is involve. The respect given by the characters to the members of their family is also needed in the contemporary time. Today, youths are said to be losing respect especially to their parents whom they owe everything. Respect is a very important component of building a strong family ties. Also, respect for the authorities is needed in building a strong nation. Conflicts and wars arise because of the lost of respect to those who have the authority and to the right of every individual to live a peaceful life. In the three stories, those who value their family and love ones so much ended up in misfortune. The same thing goes for those who wanted to protect and achieve power. Thus, to search for love and for power both have negative consequences. To pursue love means to put your own life in the line and to face several hardships, to pursue power means to endanger the lives of the persons that you love and be left alone. Whether to choose love and family over fame and political power is really a big decision. You cannot have the best of both worlds. To pursue love means to let go of powers and fame and vise versa. Also we cannot really determine which is important, whether to choose love and family ties over fame and power depends upon the situation. What is important is that we do not only consider our own benefit in making the right decision. Also the stories show that to pursue love and power is not wrong, however living your life to attain just one of them is sure to cost you a lot. In making a decision we should both consider the heart and as well as the mind in order to come up with the right decision. Reference GradeSaver LLC,. (2007). The Aeneid. Retrieved December 8, 2007 from http://www.gradesaver.com/classicnotes/titles/aeneid/fullsumm.html GradeSaver LLC,. (2007). Oedipus the King. Retrieved December 8, 2007 from http://www.gradesaver.com/classicnotes/titles/oedipus/section3.html GradeSaver LLC,. (2007). Antigone. Retrieved December 8, 2007 from http://www.gradesaver.com/classicnotes/titles/antigone/section3.html         

Cellular Respiration Study Guide

Cellular Respiration Study Guide 1. What is cellular respiration? Cellular respiration is the process by which cells get their energy from food. It is a pathway where ATP is produced from the working cells. 2. What are the raw materials for cellular respiration? The raw materials are glucose and oxygen. 3. What is the simple reaction for cellular respiration? C6H12O6+6O2=6CO2+6H2O+Energy 4. Why is it not practical for an organism to release all of the energy in glucose at once? There wouldn’t be any energy left to repeat cellular respiration and create more energy. . List and briefly describe the events of the stages of respiration? Glycolysis is where glucose is split into two molecules of 3-carbon sugars. This produces 2ATP, 2 pyruvic acid, and 2 high energy. In The Citric Acid Cycle, Acetyl CoA is created. NAD and FAD are reduced carrying the high energy electrons to the next stage. In the Electron Transport, high energy electrons are passed to oxygen where ATP is then prod uced. 6. What are the three stages of cellular respiration in the correct order? Glycolysis, The Citric Acid Cycle, and Electron Transport. . What is released during cellular respiration? Energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose. 8. How many molecules of ATP do you get from 1 molecule of glucose in cellular respiration? 28-30 molecules of ATP. 9. What part of cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm? Glycolysis 10. What is the net gain of ATP from glycolysis alone? 2 is the net gain of ATP. 11. What is the starting molecule for glycolysis? Glucose 6-carbon sugar 12. What are the two main types of fermentation? Lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation.